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Hand Ciphers
Simple manual methods for encryption

One of the most basic methods for exchanging encrypted messages is a substitution cipher. In its simplest form it uses a shifted alphabet. This is often called a Caesar Cipher, as it was used by Julius Caesar for communication with his generals. It is also known as Strip Cipher, as some implementations use sliding alphabets printed on strips (made of paper, plastic or wood).

Subsitution tables, matrix ciphers and some versions of the One-Time Pad (OTP) can also be seen as manual cipher methods. Over the years hand methods have been used for a variety of purposes, with varying degrees of success. Bewlo are some examples.

Manual cipher systems covered on this website:
 
Caesar Box The blank Aristo Slide Ruler Slide ruler The Confederate Cipher Disc, used during the American Civil War, based on the Vigenère Cipher. Vigenère Close-up of the matrix on page 1 Slidex Jefferson disk (or: Jefferson Wheel Cipher) Jefferson Giddings Field Message-Book with US Army Cipher Disk, used during the Spanish-American War in 1898. Giddings Code books Code book Discret, an early typewrite with cipher capabilities Discret
The unbreakable One-Time Pad (OTP) OTP The Confederate Cipher Disk (a variant of the Vigenèr Cipher) used during the American Civil War CC Disk Caesar Wheel training disk Wheel

 
Further information

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